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Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Paul Kieloch
2021-02-10

KB 000586 | Considering Shrinkage

Shrinkage and creep are time-dependent deformation properties of concrete that usually have to be considered in the serviceability limit state design.

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Displaying Result Values
For relatively large or relatively small surfaces, it can happen that the automatically created result values do not fit the model: In the case of large surfaces, there can be too many result values; in the case of small surfaces, too few.
Inserting Block
The same structures are often needed in several projects, such as the purlin with columns and braces in this example. The dimensions can be changed directly in RFEM or RSTAB by shifting the nodes.
Illustration of a method for performing stability analysis according to DIN EN 1992-1-1 in RFEM 6
For reinforced concrete components and structures with structural behavior considerably influenced by the effects of the second-order analysis, Eurocode 2 provides the general method based on a nonlinear determination of internal forces according to the second-order analysis (5.8.6), as well as the approximation method based on the nominal curvature (5.8.8).

The aim of this technical article is to perform a design according to the general design method of Eurocode 2, using the example of a slender reinforced concrete column.
Modell eines Stahlbetonbalkens, der durch Kriechen und Schwinden beeinflusst wird
This technical article addresses the direct deformation analysis of reinforced concrete beams considering the long-term effects of creep and shrinkage. The direct calculation according to Eurocode 2 (EN 1992-1-1, Section 7.4.3) is explained using a single-span beam. Particular emphasis is placed on tension stiffening, behavior in the cracked state based on the distribution factor (damage parameter), and consideration of shrinkage and creep behavior.
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Material model Anisotropic | Damage, nonlinear behavior, concrete and reinforced concrete

The "Nonlinear Material Behavior" add-on includes the Anistropic | Damage material model for concrete structural components. This material model allows you to consider concrete damage for members, surfaces, and solids.

You can define an individual stress-strain diagram via a table, use the parametric input to generate the stress-strain diagram, or use the predefined parameters from the standards. Furthermore, it is possible to consider the tension stiffening effect.

For the reinforcement, both nonlinear material models "Isotropic | Plastic (Members)" and "Isotropic | Nonlinear Elastic (Members)" are available.

It is possible to consider the long-term effects due to creep and shrinkage using the "Static Analysis | Creep & Shrinkage (Linear)" analysis type that has been recently released. Creep is taken into account by stretching the stress-strain diagram of the concrete using the factor (1+phi), and shrinkage is taken into account as the pre-strain of the concrete. More detailed time step analyses are possible using the "Time-Dependent Analysis (TDA)" add-on.

Feature 002918 | Determination of Required Longitudinal Reinforcement for Direct Crack Analysis

In the Concrete Design add-on, you can determine the required longitudinal reinforcement for the direct crack width analysis (w k).

Feature 002920 | Automatic Function of Longitudinal Reinforcement for Members

For the design of reinforced concrete members, there is the option to automatically determine the number or diameter of rebars.

Feature 002916 | Joint-Structure Interaction for Steel Joints

Want to automatically consider steel joint stiffness in your global RFEM model? Utilize the Steel Joints add-on!

Activate joint-structure interaction in the stiffness analysis of your steel joints. Hinges with springs are then automatically generated in the global model and included in subsequent calculations.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Is it possible to transfer properties, such as the cross-section, or the surface thickness and material of a surface of an existing element to a new element?

In the Steel Joints add-on, I get high utilization ratios for preloaded bolts in the tension design.

Where do these high utilization ratios come from and how can I evaluate the load-bearing reserves of the bolt?

How can I check the determination of the required reinforcement?

How can treating a connection as fully rigid result in an uneconomical design?

Is it possible to consider shear panels and rotational restraints in the global calculation?

Do I need to add a line hinge/line release for the CLT wall-to-floor connection in the Building Model add-on?
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