Suspension glass bridge.
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Suspension Bridge
| Number of Nodes | 292 |
| Number of Lines | 501 |
| Number of Members | 501 |
| Number of Surfaces | 70 |
| Number of Solids | 0 |
| Number of Load Cases | 8 |
| Number of Load Combinations | 58 |
| Number of Result Combinations | 1 |
| Total Weight | 127.987 tons |
| Dimensions (Metric) | 284.000 x 26.000 x 3.000 m |
| Dimensions (Imperial) | 931.76 x 85.3 x 9.84 feet |
You can download this structural model to use it for training purposes or for your projects. However, we do not assume any guarantee or liability for the accuracy or completeness of the model.
Duration: 00:00:38 min
Duration: 00:00:34 min
Duration: 00:00:21 min
Knowledge Base
Duration: 00:00:53 min
Duration: 00:00:49 min
Duration: 00:59:06 min
Duration: 00:00:32 min
Duration: 00:51:02 min
General
Duration: 00:01:06 min
This technical article analyzes the effects of the connection stiffness on the determination of internal forces, as well as the design of connections using the example of a two-story, double-spanned steel frame.
For reinforced concrete components and structures whose structural behavior is significantly influenced by the second-order effects, Eurocode 2 provides the general method based on a nonlinear determination of internal forces according to the second-order analysis (5.8.6), as well as an approximation method based on the nominal curvature (5.8.8).
The aim of this technical article is to perform a design according to the general design method of Eurocode 2, using the example of a slender reinforced concrete column.
The aim of this technical article is to perform a design according to the general design method of Eurocode 2, using the example of a slender reinforced concrete column.
This technical article addresses the direct deformation analysis of reinforced concrete beams considering the long-term effects of creep and shrinkage. The direct calculation according to Eurocode 2 (EN 1992-1-1, Section 7.4.3) is explained using a single-span beam. Particular emphasis is placed on tension stiffening, behavior in the cracked state based on the distribution factor (damage parameter), and consideration of shrinkage and creep behavior.
The Structure Stability add-on is a useful tool when analyzing structural components susceptible to buckling. Using the example of a tapered cantilever beam, the determination of the failure mode and the branching load is shown.
The modal relevance factor (MRF) can help you to assess to which extent specific elements participate in a specific mode shape. The calculation is based on the relative elastic deformation energy of each individual member.
The MRF can be used to distinguish between local and global mode shapes. If multiple individual members show significant MRFs (for example, > 20%), the instability of the entire structure or a substructure is very likely. On the other hand, if the sum of all MRFs for an eigenmode is around 100%, a local stability phenomenon (for example, buckling of a single bar) can be expected.
Furthermore, the MRF can be used to determine critical loads and equivalent buckling lengths of certain members (for example, for stability design). Mode shapes for which a specific member has small MRF values (for example, < 20%) can be neglected in this context.
The MRF is displayed by mode shape in the result table under Stability Analysis → Results by Members → Effective Lengths and Critical Loads.
Various design parameters of the cross-sections can be adjusted in the serviceability limit state configuration. The applied cross-section condition for the deformation and crack width analysis can be controlled there.
For this, the following settings can be activated:
- Crack state calculated from associated load
- Crack state determined as an envelope from all SLS design situations
- Cracked state of cross-section - independent of load
In the "Deflection and Design Support" tab under "Edit Member", the members can be clearly segmented using optimized input windows. Depending on the supports, the deformation limits for cantilever beams or single-span beams are used automatically.
By defining the design support in the corresponding direction at the member start, member end, and intermediate nodes, the program automatically recognizes the segments and segment lengths to which the allowable deformation is related. It also automatically detects whether it is a beam or a cantilever due to the defined design supports. The manual assignment, as in the previous versions (RFEM 5), is no longer necessary.
The "User-Defined Lengths" option allows you to modify the reference lengths in the table. The corresponding segment length is always used by default. If the reference length deviates from the segment length (for example, in the case of curved members), it can be adjusted.
This feature also contributes to the clearly-arranged display of your results. Clipping planes are intersecting planes that you can place freely throughout the model. The zone in front of or behind the plane is consequently hidden in the display. This way, you can clearly and simply show the results in an intersection or a solid, for example.
What is the critical load factor and how is it possible to determine it?
How does RF‑STABILITY or RSBUCK determine the buckling load? According to the manual calculation, the respective buckling loads should be about 10% higher.
Why is it not possible to use result combinations in RF‑STABILITY? It is possible in RSBUCK.
Is it possible to import effective lengths from RF‑STABILITY or RSBUCK in RF‑/TIMBER Pro?
Why is the effective depth different with the effective depth used in shear checks?
Can I optimize parametric cross-sections?
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